141 Cloudberry Annual report 2022 Financial statements Note 20 Investments in associated companies and joint ventures Accounting principle Investments in associated companies An associated company is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and that is not a subsidiary or a joint arrangement. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but without the ability to have control over those policies. Significant influence normally exists when the Group has 20% to 50% voting power through ownership or agreements. Investments in associated companies are accounted for using the equity method. Joint arrangements A joint arrangement is a contractual arrangement whereby the Group and other parties undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint control. That is when the strategic financial and operating policy decisions relating to the activities of the joint arrangement require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. If the parties to the joint arrangement have rights to the net assets of the arrangement, the arrangement is classified as a joint venture. If the parties have rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to the arrangement, the arrangement is classified as a joint operation. Currently the company has only a joint venture. Interests in joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method. Equity method Under the equity method of accounting, the investments are initially recognised at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group’s share of the post-acquisition profit or loss. Dividends received or receivable from associated companies, are recognised as a reduction of the carrying amount of the investment. Unrealised gains or transactions between the Group and the associated companies are eliminated to the extent of the Groups interest in the entities. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the assets transferred. Accounting policies of equity accounted investees have been changed were necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Group. Equity accounted investments are reviewed each period to determine whether there is any objective evidence that the net investment is impaired. Goodwill relating to the associated company is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is not tested for impairment separately.
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